Laboratory Reagents

Product Details:

A selenium standard for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) is a solution containing a precisely known concentration of selenium, typically 1000 mg/L (or 1 g/L), dissolved in a dilute nitric acid solution. These standards are used to calibrate AAS instruments, ensuring accurate measurements of selenium concentration in various samples. They are produced and certified according to ISO standards, ensuring traceability and reliability. Key aspects of Selenium AAS Standards:

• Concentration: Commonly available at 1000 mg/L (or 1 g/L). 
• Matrix: Dissolved in dilute nitric acid (e.g., 2% HNO3 or 0.5M HNO3). 
• Purity: Prepared from high-purity selenium metal or salts. 
• Certification: Produced and certified according to ISO/IEC 17025 and ISO 17034, ensuring traceability to SI units and National Metrology Institutes like NIST. 
• Traceability: Traceable to a primary standard, often NIST, for accurate calibration. 
• Application: Used for calibrating AAS instruments in the determination of selenium concentration in various samples. 
• Storage: Stored under appropriate conditions (e.g., room temperature, protected from light). 
• Shelf Life: Typically have a shelf life of 24 months (unopened) and 12 months (after opening), but this can vary. 

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• Item Code: 89498
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
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An arsenic AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy) standard is a solution of a known concentration of arsenic, used to calibrate and verify the accuracy of AAS instruments during analysis. These standards are typically prepared from high-purity arsenic compounds and are available in various concentrations and matrices, often in diluted nitric or hydrochloric acid. Here's a more detailed description:Key Characteristics:

• Concentration:Arsenic AAS standards are available in various concentrations, with common examples being 1000 mg/L (1 g/L) and 1 mg/mL. 
• Matrix:The standards are often dissolved in a dilute acid, such as nitric acid (HNO3) or hydrochloric acid (HCl), to maintain stability and prevent precipitation. The concentration and type of acid used can vary depending on the specific application and manufacturer. 
• Purity:High-purity arsenic compounds are used in the preparation of these standards, ensuring reliable and accurate results. 
• Traceability:Many arsenic AAS standards are traceable to reference materials like those from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), ensuring a known and reliable source for the arsenic concentration. 
• Physical Properties:Common physical properties include a clear, colorless liquid appearance, and a density close to 1 g/cm3 at 20°C. 
• Safety:Arsenic standards are hazardous and require careful handling due to the toxicity of arsenic. They are often labeled with hazard symbols like GHS05 (corrosive) and GHS08 (health hazard), and a "Danger" signal word. 

Applications:

• Calibration:Arsenic AAS standards are essential for calibrating AAS instruments to accurately measure arsenic concentrations in samples. 
• Quality Control:These standards are used to verify the accuracy and precision of AAS measurements, ensuring reliable results. 
• Elemental Analysis:AAS standards are widely used in various fields for the determination of arsenic concentrations in diverse samples like water, food, and environmental samples. 

Example:A common example is a 1000 mg/L arsenic standard in dilute nitric acid (0.5 mol/L HNO3), which is clear and colorless, according to Loba Chemie. This standard can be used to calibrate AAS instruments for measuring arsenic levels in different matrices. 

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• Item Code: 39436
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box

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Lysine decarboxylase broth is a purple to greenish-yellow liquid medium used in microbiology for the biochemical identification of bacteria, particularly to differentiate Enterobacteriaceae like Salmonella species. It contains L-lysine as the substrate and bromocresol purple as a pH indicator; initial glucose fermentation creates an acidic environment (turning the broth yellow), while subsequent decarboxylation of lysine to cadaverine produces an alkaline condition that reverts the color to purple. A final purple color indicates a positive decarboxylase reaction, and a continued yellow or olive green color indicates a negative result.
 Composition and Function

• L-Lysine: The substrate that the bacteria will decarboxylate. 
• Fermentable Carbohydrate (e.g., Glucose): Provides an initial energy source for bacterial growth and creates an acidic environment. 
• Bromocresol Purple: A pH indicator that changes color based on the broth's acidity. 

Interpretation of Results

1. 1. Initial Fermentation:Most enteric bacteria will ferment the glucose, producing acids and causing the broth to turn yellow. 
2. 2. Decarboxylation:If the bacteria produce the enzyme lysine decarboxylase, they will decarboxylate L-lysine into cadaverine. 
3. 3. Alkaline Reaction:Cadaverine is alkaline, and its production leads to an increase in pH. 
4. 4. Color Change:The pH indicator (bromocresol purple) then shifts from yellow to purple, indicating a positive result for lysine decarboxylation. 
5. 5. Negative Result:If the broth remains yellow or turns olive green, the organism does not produce the decarboxylase enzyme. 

Uses

• Bacterial Identification:Used to help identify bacteria by testing their ability to decarboxylate lysine. 
• Differentiation:Crucial for differentiating between various members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. 
• Food Safety:Employed in confirming Vibrio species, like Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae, for use in food and environmental samples, as recommended by ISO standards. 

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• Item Code: M376
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box

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Himedia PALCAM Selective Supplement (Catalog No. FD061) is a lyophilized antimicrobial supplement containing Polymyxin B sulphate, Ceftazidime, and Acriflavine hydrochloride to selectively isolate and identify Listeria monocytogenes. It is used with a PALCAM base medium, such as Listeria Identification Agar Base, to create a highly selective growth medium. The supplement works by inhibiting the growth of unwanted bacteria, allowing Listeria to grow and exhibit characteristic grey-green colonies with a black halo due to esculin hydrolysis.
 Purpose and Application

• Selective Isolation:The supplement's antimicrobial components inhibit the growth of most non-Listeria bacteria, enabling the selective isolation of Listeria species. 
• Identification:It is used in conjunction with a PALCAM base medium to identify Listeria monocytogenes by its characteristic colony appearance. 

Composition 

• Polymyxin B sulphate: An antibiotic that inhibits the growth of a broad range of bacteria.
• Ceftazidime: A cephalosporin antibiotic that provides additional selective action against certain bacteria.
• Acriflavine hydrochloride: An antiseptic agent that further enhances the selective nature of the medium.

Mechanism of Action

• Inhibition:Polymyxin B, Ceftazidime, and Acriflavine work together to suppress the growth of accompanying bacterial flora. 
• Differential Growth:On the PALCAM medium, Listeria colonies appear as grey-green with a black halo, which forms due to the hydrolysis of esculin. 

Usage

1. Aseptically reconstitute the lyophilized supplement with sterile distilled water. 
2. Aseptically add the rehydrated supplement to a sterile, molten, and cooled PALCAM base medium. 
3. The prepared medium is then used for the selective cultivation of Listeria. 

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• Item Code: FD061
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box

Product Details:

HiCrome™ Listeria Ottaviani Agosti Agar Base is a selective and differential culture medium from HiMedia Laboratories used to isolate Listeria monocytogenes from food and animal feeds. It utilizes a chromogenic substrate to detect the common enzyme β-glucosidase in Listeria species, which causes colonies to turn blue-green. The medium is compliant with ISO 11290-1 and ISO 11290-2 standards for Listeria detection, providing presumptive identification of Listeria within 24-48 hours after pre-enrichment. Key Features and Functionality

• Purpose:Specifically designed for the selective and differential isolation of Listeria monocytogenes. 
• Chromogenic Detection:Incorporates 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, a chromogenic compound that produces a blue-green color upon cleavage by the enzyme β-glucosidase. 
• Differentiates Listeria: This enzymatic activity is common to all Listeria species, making the colonies appear blue-green on the agar. 
• Selective Action:The medium contains inhibitors to prevent the growth of most other bacteria, allowing Listeria to be selectively isolated. 
• Application:Used for detecting Listeria in food and animal feed samples. 
• Compliance:Its composition and performance criteria are established according to the ISO 11290-1 and ISO 11290-2 standards, which are adopted by the ISO Committee for Listeria detection. 
• Identification:It allows for the presumptive identification of Listeria monocytogenes within 24-48 hours after a pre-enrichment step. 

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• Item Code: M1540I
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box

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Qualigens haematoxylin staining powder is a naturally derived dye used in histology and cytology to stain cell nuclei blue-violet to black. Extracted from the logwood tree, this C.I. 75290 substance, also known as natural black 1, forms "hematoxylin lakes" with metal salts (mordants) to selectively stain DNA. It's a key component in the common H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) stain.
 Description of Qualigens Haematoxylin Staining Powder

• Purpose: To stain the nuclei of cells. 
• Origin: Extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree (Haematoxylum campechianum). 
• Color: Deep blue-purple. 
• Form: A powder. 
• Application: Used in histology and cytology to visualize cell structures, particularly the nucleus (DNA). 
• Mechanism: When combined with a positively charged metal salt (a mordant), such as aluminum salts, it forms a complex called a "hematoxylin lake" that selectively binds to the negatively charged DNA in the nucleus. 

Key Characteristics and Uses

• C.I. 75290: Its Chemical Identification Number, also known as natural black 1. 
• H&E Staining: A crucial component of the Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, one of the most frequently used staining procedures in histology. 
• Other Uses: A component of the Papanicolaou (PAP) stain for cytology specimens. 
• Clinical Use: Some hematoxylin products are registered for clinical diagnostic purposes. 

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Qualigens DPX Mountant is a non-aqueous, synthetic resin medium for mounting histological specimens on microscope slides, providing a clear, durable, and long-lasting solution for preserving stained tissue samples like those stained with H&E, Nissl, or Masson-Goldner. A mixture of distyrene, a plasticizer (typically dibutyl phthalate), and xylene, it replaces older media and is known for its effectiveness in keeping stains bright and allowing for clear visualization of cellular structures under a microscope. Key Features & Benefits

• Preserves Stains:DPX helps to maintain the clarity and brilliance of various histological stains, such as H&E, ensuring better visualization of the tissue. 
• Durable & Long-Lasting:It forms a clear, durable, and permanent mount, protecting the specimen for future analysis and long-term storage. 
• Quick Drying:DPX dries to the touch relatively quickly, making the mounting process more efficient. 
• Versatile:It is compatible with a range of detection methods and suitable for viewing different types of stained tissue samples. 
• Synthetic, Non-Aqueous Medium:As a synthetic, water-free resin, it's used to permanently fix specimens and replace older media like Xylene-Balsam. 

CompositionDPX Mountant is a solution containing: 

• Distyrene: A type of polystyrene.
• Plasticizer: An agent that provides flexibility (initially tricresyl phosphate, now commonly dibutyl phthalate).
• Xylene: A solvent that aids in the application and drying process.

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Qualigens is a brand that supplies "Phenol (ER ACS)", an American Chemical Society (ACS) certified reagent grade phenol, which is a crystalline solid or liquid that appears colorless or faintly pink, with a distinctive tarry, sickly sweet odor. It is a toxic, corrosive chemical used in various applications, including the production of plastics, detergents, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and in laboratory procedures like DNA extraction. The "ER" likely indicates it is a "For Reagent" grade, used for analytical and chemical purposes. Chemical Properties & Appearance 

• Formula: C6H5OH
• Molecular Weight: 94.11 g/mol
• Form: Colorless to white crystalline solid, though it may appear as a liquid or faint pink/yellowish in commercial forms.
• Odor: Distinctive, sickeningly sweet, and tarry.
• Acidity: Aqueous solutions are acidic.

Applications 

• Chemical Synthesis:Precursor for cyclohexanone, plastics (like polycarbonates and epoxy resins), nonionic detergents, and synthetic fibers.
• Pharmaceuticals:Used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs, including some mouthwash and sore throat lozenges.
• Disinfectant & Antiseptic:Used in some medical and cosmetic preparations.
• Molecular Biology:Utilized in the phenol-chloroform extraction technique for isolating nucleic acids.

Safety and Handling 

• Toxicity: Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.
• Corrosivity: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
• Health Effects: Prolonged exposure can cause serious damage to organs.
• Combustible: Phenol is a combustible material.

"ER ACS" Meaning

• ER (For Reagent):Indicates the chemical's intended use is for laboratory reagents and analytical purposes. 
• ACS (American Chemical Society):Signifies the product meets the rigorous standards for purity and quality set by the American Chemical Society, ensuring its suitability for scientific work. 

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EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue) Agar from HiMedia is a selective and differential culture medium used to isolate and differentiate Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and differentiates Gram-negative bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose and sucrose. Lactose-fermenting bacteria, like E. coli, produce dark, purplish-black colonies, while non-fermenters, such as Salmonella, grow as colorless or pale colonies. Key features and function

• Selectivity: Eosin Y and methylene blue dyes are incorporated to inhibit the growth of most Gram-positive bacteria.
• Differentiation: The medium differentiates between Gram-negative bacteria based on fermentation of lactose and sucrose.
• Mechanism:
  • Fermenters: When Gram-negative bacteria ferment the sugars, they produce acidic byproducts that lower the pH. This causes the colonies to absorb the dyes, appearing purplish-black.
  • Non-fermenters: These bacteria do not ferment the sugars. They may deaminate proteins, raising the surrounding pH, which prevents dye absorption and results in colorless colonies.
• Recommended use: It is recommended for the isolation and differentiation of enteric bacteria from both clinical and non-clinical specimens.
• Specific applications: The Levine formulation is often used for the differentiation of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes. 

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The HiMedia description for Lugol's Iodine (S019) is a dark reddish-brown, aqueous solution of iodine and potassium iodide used as a staining solution for microscopic examination. Its primary use is for detecting intestinal protozoa and helminth eggs/larvae in fecal samples by making protozoan nuclei and other structures visible as brown. It is also used for other staining purposes, such as in hematology, and requires dilution before use. 

Additional Information:

• Item Code: S019
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box

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SRL – Laboratory Chemicals 

Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. (SRL) is one of India’s leading manufacturers and suppliers of high-quality laboratory chemicals, reagents, and biochemicals. Established in 1974, SRL has been serving scientists, researchers, and industries for over five decades.

SRL’s laboratory chemical range includes analytical reagents, high-purity solvents, fine chemicals, indicators, acids, buffers, and culture media components, all manufactured under strict quality standards such as ISO 9001:2015, ISO 17025:2017, and cGMP guidelines.

With over 10,000 products, SRL caters to laboratories in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, chemical, food, and environmental sectors. Each product is tested for purity and performance to ensure reliability in research and analytical applications.

SRL’s commitment is to provide Indian-made, internationally comparable laboratory chemicals—helping replace expensive imports while maintaining world-class quality, consistency, and safety.

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HiMedia's Barritt Reagent B is a 40% potassium hydroxide solution used in the Voges-Proskauer (VP) test to detect the production of acetoin by bacteria. It works in conjunction with Barritt Reagent A (alpha-naphthol) to produce a red color, indicating that a bacterium has fermented glucose to produce neutral end products like acetoin. The VP test, which uses these reagents with cultures grown in MR-VP Medium, is a biochemical test for identifying members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Function in the VP Test

• Acetoin Detection:The VP test identifies bacteria that produce neutral fermentation end products, such as acetoin. 
• Color Reaction:In the presence of oxygen, acetoin (from the culture) is oxidized and reacts with the alpha-naphthol and potassium hydroxide from the Barritt's reagents to form a red or cherry-red complex. 

Composition

• Barritt Reagent B is a 40% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. 
• It is part of the Barritt's reagent set, with Reagent A being the alpha-naphthol component. 

Application

• The test is performed on 24-48 hour old bacterial cultures grown in MR-VP broth. 
• A specific volume of Reagent B is added to the culture medium along with Reagent A. 

Interpretation

• A positive VP test is indicated by the formation of a red color within 5-10 minutes after mixing the reagents and gently shaking to expose the medium to air. 
• A negative test shows no red color change. 

Additional Information:

• Item Code: R030
• Delivery Time: Ready Stock
• Packaging Details: Box